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How to Fix Lithium Battery Communication Error Between BMS & Inverter (Fault 61, F58, Error 67, Warning 20)
When a solar system is working properly, the lithium battery's battery management system (BMS) and inverter work together like a coordinated team, talking to each other through a linked communication cable and protocol such as CAN bus or RS485. This communication allows the inverter to monitor battery status in real time, including voltage, temperature, and charging conditions.
But when this communication fails, the inverter can not accurately tell how the battery is doing and what it wants (data), and as a result, it throws a battery communication error, BMS fault, or inverter communication failure code, depending on the brand.
One of the most common causes of this BMS communication failure is inverter and lithium battery incompatibility. Not all inverter brands are designed to work with all lithium battery systems. Even when the communication cable is properly connected, mismatched communication protocols, incorrect settings, or firmware differences can still pose a problem between the inverter and the lithium battery's BMS. That is why you just don't buy and combine any brand of inverter and lithium battery you see out there.
This guide explains what causes the inverters to throw communication error faults and codes for lithium batteries, how it starts, and how to fix it in a practical, real-world way.
How lithium battery communication actually works
Modern lithium batteries are not “dumb” storage units like the tubular or dry cell battery predecessors. They include a built-in Battery Management System (BMS), an advanced electronic system that performs the following functions:
- Monitors the voltage of each cell.
- Monitors temperature.
- Monitors charging and discharging current.
- Ensures that the lithium battery is operating within its safe limits.
Inverters have also advanced beyond the old traditional role of charging and discharging batteries. They are intelligent and highly computerized and use the information provided above to operate efficiently and safely.
The inverters get this information from:
- CAN bus
- RS485
- Sometimes from brand-specific protocols
So when the inverter is linked to the lithium battery for the purpose of getting that information, but it finds itself unable to get it, it throws a communication error code.
Common Error Or Fault Codes Thrown By Inverters When Communication With Lithium Battery's BMS Fails
There are no general fault codes or error numbers that will tell than there is a failure between an inverter and a lithium battery. The specific message varies by inverter brand. However, we handpicked some common brands:
| Inverter Brand | Communication Error Fault Code |
| Growatt | Warning 20 |
| Deye / SunSynk | Fault F58 |
| Victron | Error #67 |
| Voltronic / Axpert, Luxsun | Fault 61 |
Symptoms of Lithium Battery Communication Error
Aside from the error codes or faults that the inverter might show on the screen, other signs of a possible failure in communication between the inverter and the BMS of the lithium battery include:
- The lithium battery is showing a very wrong state of charge (SOC), or the SOC seems not to be working.
- The battery is charging, but the SOC is showing a wrong value.
- System suddenly shutting down.
When Does This Inverter And Lithium Battery Communication Error Fault Start
In many cases, the inverter might not throw a communication failure fault or error immediately after installation. This makes some users and installers troubleshoot elsewhere for the fault. Communication issues might surface when any of this happens:
1. First installation or system upgrade
- This is the most common event, and it is usually traced to:
- BMS cable in the wrong communication port.
- The wrong battery protocol is selected, e.g., CAN Bus, RS-485, SMBus, Modbus.
- The cable is plugged into the wrong socket.
2. Power failure or improper startup sequence
The system can detect wrong communication and failures after a power interruption or shutdown
3. Firmware mismatch
This occurs in inverters and batteries from different brands. It can also start following a system update.
4. Improper Cable or wiring
The most common point of failure under this point is from wrong pin configurations, which is also common in different brands. BMS cable issues can also occur from:
- Loose connectors
- Damaged communication cable itself
- Some people even attempt to use normal network cables instead of a properly pinned RS485/CAN cable.
5. Battery's Self-Protection Mode
A lithium battery's internal BMS can also shut down communication to protect itself in extreme cases, like when it is deeply discharged, overheating, or too cold.
6. Mixed or incompatible brands
As stated earlier, inverters and lithium batteries of different brands might not communicate properly due to different protocols.
Causes Of Communication Failure Between Inverters & Lithium Batteries
Having discussed the points above, we can broadly categorize the causes of these lithium battery communication errors into:
1. Physical connection issue
- Cable fault (most common), from a wrong or faulty BMS cable.
- Loose plug.
- Wrong port.
2. Wrong Settings Input
- Wrong battery type selected in the inverter: Lithium, AGM, Flooded.
- Incorrect CAN/RS485 selection.
- DIP switch configuration not set properly.
3. Software/firmware mismatch
From wrong battery protocol. It can also stem from an update or outdated inverter firmware.
4. Battery Related
The battery can shut down and close communication if:
- It enters protection mode
- It enters a low-voltage sleep state
- Its internal BMS goes bad. This rarely happens.
Step-by-step guide to fixing Lithium Battery Communication Errors
1. Check the communication cable
- Confirm that the correct cable is connected in the correct port (CAN, RS485).
- Inspect for bent or damaged pins.
2. Verify inverter battery settings
- Ensure that the battery type selected is Lithium.
- Choose the correct battery protocol if available.
3. Check battery status
This is to ensure that the lithium battery is not in protection mode. You can check this through its LED light indicators, display screen, or alarm.
4. Restart The System
Restarting the system in this particular order forces a fresh resetting.
- Turn off the inverter.
- Turn off the battery.
- Wait for 3 to 5 minutes.
- Turn on the battery first.
- Wait for about 30 seconds to 1 minute for the BMS to run self-diagnostics and then stabilize.
- Turn on the inverter.
5. Check Inverter-Battery Compatibility
In some cases, the particular brand of inverter and battery is not compatible and cannot work properly together. In this case, a manual or non-BMS cable configuration can be set on the inverter to match the exact specification of the lithium battery. The settings done are for:
- Battery Type: Select USER (User-Defined)
- Bulk / Absorption Voltage
- Float Voltage
- Low DC Cut-off Voltage
- Restart Voltage
- Maximum Charge Current
- Maximum Discharge Current
6. Check Settings in Multi-Battery Setups
- Ensure that only one master unit is set when paralleling batteries.
- Confirm that the addressing and manufacturer configuration rules are correct.
7. Update System
A necessary update of the inverter or battery BMS firmware can also resolve communication issues.
Temporal Vs Permanent Solution
While some of the steps above can resolve an inverter BMS communication error or fault code, note that if the cause is technical (like cabling faults, brand compatibility), the fix might not work or, at most, be a temporary fix, as the fault will arise whenever one of the events we listed earlier happens.